很多人认为smart目标管理法源自管理大师德鲁克,实际上,smart是多兰(George T. Doran)在1981年11月份美国的《管理评论》杂志(Management Review )上发表的一篇题为《用S.M.A.R.T方法写出愿景及管理目标》(here’s a S.M.A.R.T. way to write management’s goals and objectives),多兰是从企业管理层面来阐述smart,并对其做了详细的界定:
S,具体的,要指向一个具体的需要改进的区域为目标。(Specific – target a specific area for improvement.)
M,可测量的,有具体数量,或者至少有一个参考指标(Measurable – quantify or at least suggest an indicator of progress)
A,确定人员,明确由谁来完成这件事(Assignable – specify who will do it.)
R,可实现的,明确现实的可实现的结果,并提供可能的资源。(Realistic – state what results can realistically be achieved, given available resource.)
T,时间限制,明确获得结果的时间(Time-related – specify when the result(s) can be achieved.)
多兰在他的文章中特别提到:
“必须要明白,我所建议的五个字母s-m-a-r-t,并非表示所有的目标管理考虑的就是这五个步骤。”(It should also be understood that the suggested acronym doesn’t mean that every objective written will have all five criteria.)
mkdir -p ~/Document/workfoler, cd ~/Document/workfoler
ct-ng x86_64-centos7-linux-gnu
ct-ng source
ct-ng build
then will encouter an error when build gettext:
[ALL ] /Users/andrew/Documents/learnkernel/.build/src/gettext-0.19.8.1/build-aux/missing: line 81: automake-1.15: command not found
[ALL ] WARNING: 'automake-1.15' is missing on your system.
[ALL ] You should only need it if you modified 'Makefile.am' or
[ALL ] 'configure.ac' or m4 files included by 'configure.ac'.
[ALL ] The 'automake' program is part of the GNU Automake package:
[ALL ] <http://www.gnu.org/software/automake>
[ALL ] It also requires GNU Autoconf, GNU m4 and Perl in order to run:
[ALL ] <http://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf>
[ALL ] <http://www.gnu.org/software/m4/>
[ALL ] <http://www.perl.org/>
replace 1.15 with 1.16.1 in all the aclocal.m4 file under gettext source folder
./gettext-tools/examples/aclocal.m4
./gettext-tools/aclocal.m4
./gettext-runtime/aclocal.m4
./gettext-runtime/libasprintf/aclocal.m4
./aclocal.m4
make a soft link for automake-1.15 ln -s /usr/local/Cellar/automake/1.16.1_1/bin/automake /usr/local/bin/automake-1.15
cd linux kernel src folder
export PATH=/Users/andrew/Documents/learnkernel/.build/x86_64-centos7-linux-gnu/buildtools/bin:$PATH
export CROSS_COMPILE=x86_64-centos7-linux-gnu-
export ARCH=x86
then make
if encounter below error In file included from include/linux/compiler.h:54:0,
from include/uapi/linux/stddef.h:1,
from include/linux/stddef.h:4,
from /Users/andrew/Documents/linux/linux-3.9.4/include/uapi/linux/posix_types.h:4,
from include/uapi/linux/types.h:13,
from include/linux/types.h:5,
from include/linux/page-flags.h:8,
from kernel/bounds.c:9:
include/linux/compiler-gcc.h:103:30: fatal error: linux/compiler-gcc6.h: No such file or directory
#include gcc_header(__GNUC__)
workaround:
cp compiler-gcc4.h compiler-gcc6.h
if encounter such error “sed: illegal option — r”,</
$ brew uninstall gnu-sed
$ brew install gnu-sed --with-default-names
$ echo $PATH | grep -q '/usr/local/bin'; [ $? -ne 0 ] && export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH
$ echo a | sed 's_A_X_i' li>
中医的英文名是traditional Chinese medicine, 西医的直译是modern Western medicine, 传统和现代,中国和西方,这两个维度的对立可以看出拿中医和西医的对比是很不公平的,传统医学弱于现代医学,中国医学一定弱于西方医学(世界医学),当年起中医这个名字可以看出以中国为世界中心的鸿鹄之志。
我个人觉得最核心的问题是中国现代医学(modern Chinese medicine)的空缺 ,在整个医疗体系里,很难看到中国在医疗上的贡献。屠呦呦作为药学家,她获得诺贝尔奖的荣誉来自于美国科学院院士路易斯米勒的调查研究,这是对中国医疗体系的莫大讽刺。像屠呦呦这样的医药科学工作者在中国还有很多,可惜在自己的岗位上得不到自己同胞的肯定,这个才是中国医疗发展最大的悲哀。